When do you replace an RO membrane?

[WhiteShark1]

I’ve had my 24 GPD RO/DI system for about four years and to overestimate things I make about 15 gallons of water a week (pretty much just use it as a top off system).

I replace my carbon, sediment, and DI filter about every 6 months (or whenever my TDS meter says I get above 1-2 TDS).

My question is when do I replace the RO membrane. Manufacturer says every 2 years, but if I’m still getting a TDS of 0 should I replace it?

[downbeach]

Where is the TDS meter located? Your DI Resin will get the TDS down to or near "0", but you could have a high level coming out of your membrane, which will eat up your DI Resin more quickly.

[gldnegle76]

The dual inline tds meters are great for this. One probe between the membrane and the di, the other after di. That way you know when to replace either/or.
If you can test the tds after the membrane but before the di, you'll see if it's losing it's efficiency rating.

[WhiteShark1]

Where is the TDS meter located? Your DI Resin will get the TDS down to or near "0", but you could have a high level coming out of your membrane, which will eat up your DI Resin more quickly.

I test it using a "pen" metter after it comes out of the DI. That's a good idea though to test it before it goes into the DI.

I'll test only the RO water as soon as I get my new TDS meter in the mail. My last one fried itself when I inadvertently knocked it into my washing machine. :headwally:

[alton]

the dual inline tds meters are great for this. One probe between the membrane and the di, the other after di. That way you know when to replace either/or.
If you can test the tds after the membrane but before the di, you'll see if it's losing it's efficiency rating.

x2

[Buckeye Hydro]

A good rule of thumb is to replace your sediment filter and carbon block after six months. A more precise way to maximize the usable life of these two filters is to use a pressure gauge to identify when pressure reaching the membrane starts to decline. This is your indication one or both of the filters is beginning to clog.

Also be cognizant of the chlorine capacity of the carbon block. A good 0.5 micron carbon block for example will remove 99% of the chlorine from 20,000 gallons of tap water presented at 1 gpm. Some original equipment suppliers commonly provide carbon cartridges rated at 2,000 to 6,000 gallons. Remember that all the water you process, both waste water and purified water, go through the carbon block.

Regarding your RO membrane and DI resin, use your total dissolved solids (TDS) meter to measure, record, and track the TDS (expressed in parts per million [ppm]) in three places: 1) tap water, 2) after the RO but before the DI, and 3) after the DI.

The TDS in your tap water will likely range from about 50 ppm to upwards of 1000 ppm. Common readings are 100 to 400 ppm. So for sake of discussion, let's say your tap water reads 400 ppm. That means that for every million parts of water, you have 400 parts of dissolved solids. How do we go about getting that TDS reading down to somewhere near zero?

If you do some experimenting with your TDS meter, you'll note that your sediment filter and carbon block (collectively called “prefilters” because the treat the water before it reaches the membrane) do very little to remove dissolved solids. So with your tap water at 400 ppm, you can measure the water at the “in” port on your RO housing and you'll see it is still approximately 400 ppm.

The RO membrane is really the workhorse of the system. It removes most of the TDS, some membranes to a greater extent than others. For instance, 100 gpd Filmtec membranes have a rejection rate of 90% (i.e., they reject 90% of the dissolved solids in the feed water). So the purified water coming from your 100 gpd membrane would be about 40 ppm (a 90% reduction). Filmtec 75 gpd (and below) membranes produce purified water (a.k.a. “permeate”) more slowly, but have a higher rejection rate (96 to 98%). The lifespan of a RO membrane is dependent upon how much water you run through it, and how dirty the water is. Membranes can function well for a year, two years, or more. To test the membrane, measure the TDS in the water coming in to the membrane, and in the purified water (permeate) produced by the membrane. Compare that to the membrane’s advertised rejection rate, and to the same reading you recorded when the membrane was new. Membranes also commonly produce purified water more slowly as their function declines.

After the RO membrane, water will flow to your DI housing. DI resin in good condition will reduce the TDS in the RO water down to 0 or 1 ppm. When the DI output starts creeping up from 0 or 1 ppm, you know that your resin needs to be replaced. Sometimes people complain that their DI resin didn't last very long. Often the culprit is a malfunctioning RO membrane sending the DI resin “dirty” water. This will exhaust the resin quicker than would otherwise have been the case. Sometimes the problem is poor quality resin – remember that all resins are not created equal.

Additionally, don’t forget to sanitize the entire system at least once per year, and wash and lube your housing o-rings with food-grade silicone grease every filter change.

Russ