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Unread 03/21/2017, 08:04 PM   #4155
bertoni
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Join Date: Mar 2002
Location: Mountain View, CA, USA
Posts: 88,616
The phosphate can be removed by skimming or with a binder like GFO. Live rock and sand should be able to bind phosphate for some finite period of time until the matrix is at equilibrium with the water column, although calcification might continue to incorporate some phosphate into coralline and coral skeletons. Nitrate can be removed by conversion into nitrogen gas, and skimming can remove fixed nitrogen before it becomes nitrate.


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