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Zmas
Many zero emission marine aquaculture systems ( ZMAS) are managed with carbohydrate dosing and adjusted feeding. No markable nitrification and denitrification takes place in these systems. No filters are used exempt for the removal of detritus.
These systems are completely dependable of the carbohydrate doses and corresponding matched feeding rate.
How it is possible that no nitrification takes place in a system with a high carrying capacity and a very high ammonia production?
As there is no nitrate produced in the system in combination with a very high daily ammonia production, how the correct carbohydrate doses are calculated?
What will happen when dosing is not matched with the ammonia production ?
Of coarse one can not compare such ZMAS with a reef aquarium ( also a ZMAS) but the bio-chemical basics and principles are for both systems the same.
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